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A branch of the sociology of science that studies how scientific claims come to be accepted as “proven” within a community, including the social processes of peer review, replication, citation, and consensus building. It examines how proof is negotiated: what counts as sufficient evidence, who gets to decide, and how dissenting voices are silenced or incorporated. The sociology of scientific proof reveals that “proof” is not a purely logical or empirical state but a social achievement—contingent on trust, networks, and institutional authority. It helps explain why some findings become established quickly while others languish despite similar evidence.
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