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The study of fan communities—from media franchises (Star Wars, Marvel, K‑pop) to niche interests—using sociological, anthropological, and psychological frameworks. It examines how fans create and share content (fan fiction, fan art, fan theories), how they organize events (conventions, online watch parties), how they negotiate tensions with creators, and how fandom functions as a source of identity and belonging. The field challenges stereotypes of fans as passive consumers, revealing them as active cultural producers.
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