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A foundational model for understanding the nature of reality along two fundamental dimensions. The first axis runs from Material (reality consists of physical stuff—matter, energy, particles) to Ideal (reality consists of ideas, forms, consciousness—mind stuff). The second axis runs from Objective (reality exists independent of observers) to Subjective (reality is constructed by or dependent on observers). These two axes create four basic metaphysical positions: material-objective (scientific realism), material-subjective (some interpretations of quantum mechanics), ideal-objective (Platonism), ideal-subjective (solipsism, some idealism). The model reveals that "what is real?" isn't one question—it's a choice between fundamental orientations toward the nature and locus of existence.
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