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The theory that media systems—newspapers, television, radio, digital platforms—function as mechanisms of social control, shaping populations' beliefs, behaviors, and identities not primarily through explicit propaganda but through the routine, structural operation of selecting and framing reality. The theory posits that control is inherent in the media function: by deciding what to cover (and what to ignore), how to frame issues (and what perspectives to exclude), and whose voices to amplify (and whose to silence), media creates the reality within which populations think and act. This control is not necessarily conspiratorial; it's built into the logic of media institutions—commercial pressures, professional norms, source dependencies, and the very form of the medium itself. The theory of media social control explains why populations can be managed without obvious coercion: they're simply given a reality that makes certain thoughts unthinkable, certain actions unimaginable, certain alternatives invisible. Control becomes invisible because it's everywhere, structuring the world we take for granted.

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