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A serious infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs, typically presents with a constellation of respiratory and systemic symptoms. One of the hallmark indicators is a persistent cough, which may be dry or produce phlegm that ranges from clear to yellow or greenish in color. This cough is often accompanied by shortness of breath, even with minimal exertion, and a sharp or stabbing chest pain that worsens with deep breathing or coughing. These symptoms emerge as the alveoli fill with fluid or pus, impairing the lungs' ability to facilitate efficient gas exchange. Systemic manifestations of it can be equally debilitating. Patients frequently experience a sudden onset of fever, often high and accompanied by chills and profuse sweating. Fatigue is pervasive and may be profound, accompanied by weakness, headaches, and muscle aches, reflecting the body’s immune response to the infection. In some cases, particularly in older adults or those with compromised immune systems, pneumonia may present more subtly, with confusion, lower-than-normal body temperature, and a general decline in functional capacity, rather than overt respiratory distress.
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