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Ethyl chloride (EtCl, Chloroethane), is a chemical compound with chemical formula CH3CH2Cl, once widely used in producing tetraethyllead, a gasoline additive. It is a colorless, flammable gas or refrigerated liquid with a faintly sweet odor. Ethyl chloride is a lab solvent and an intermediate in the synthesis of 2-methyl-2-butanol through the formation of the grignard reagent, ethyl magnesium chloride and a grignard reaction with acetone, followed by hydrochloric acid work-up to yield 2-methyl-2-butanol. Ethyl chloride is synthesized by reacting ethanol with hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride catalyst. Ethyl chloride can also be used along with calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, or potassium hydroxide to extract freebase arecoline out of the betel nut. Then react it with HBr (Hydrogen Bromide) to get Arecoline Hydrobromide.

Properties Chemical formula C2H5Cl Molar mass 64.51 g/mol Appearance Colorless gas Odor Pungent, ethereal Density 0.921 g/cm3 (0-4 °C) 0.8898 g/cm3 (25 °C) Melting point −138.7 °C (−217.7 °F; 134.5 K) Boiling point 12.27 °C (54.09 °F; 285.42 K) decomposes at 510 °C Solubility in water 0.447 g/100 mL (0 °C) 0.574 g/100 mL (20 °C) Solubility Soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, 2-methyl-2-butanol Solubility in ethanol 48.3 g/100 g (21 °C) Vapor pressure 8.4 kPa (-40 °C) 62.3 kPa (0 °C) 134.6 kPa (20 °C)

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